Fame, etica, utopia. Icone del Don Chisciotte
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Don Quixote, son of the catholic Spain, have had many interpreters: intellectuals of Jewish origin (Marx, Bloch, Lévinas), Orthodox Christians (Dostoevskij, Turgenev), Reformed Christians (Kant, Goethe), Catholic Christians (Schlegel, Unamuno, Von Balthasar, Zambrano, Ortega y Gasset) and many others (Diderot, Nietzsche, Auerbach, Borges). Thanks to his untimely ideal of chivalry, Don Quixote keeps hope alive to help needy, poor and hungry people: dream of a world of justice, into the reality of injustice. Lost in the clouds and ridiculous, Don Quixote is at the same time very serious, because he dreams a more just world (Marx: abstract utopia). With the figure of Don Quixote like a symbol of a world that hopes in an instant and anxious way, parallels Don Quixote’s choose to become knight, to fight for the poor and needy people, to take a moral seriously (Bloch: hunger and hope) that gives way to serious morality. The hunger puts the subject in the middle only to question his claim. It makes sensitive to the hunger of the others (Weil), it teaches the humility, it teaches to accept and to give thank (Lévinas). The hunger – ironic and paradoxical – is at the same time the principle of every first-hand need (conatus essendi) and of its opposite, of a responsibility for the world and the others.
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